Best practicesCreated on: 2 April 2026

Tallinn (Estonia): A museum cooled by bay water

Goal 2.3

Committing the City Port territory to achieving a low carbon, low resources society, through the transformation of industrial production, and the production and management of carbon-neutral, renewable energies.

Challenge(s)

How can port authorities redevelop historic structures in sustainable ways?

Best Practice

Water, a ubiquitous element in port regions, serves as both a landscape feature and a resource for energy efficiency, gaining even more relevance in the face of climate change. In a remarkable display of innovation, it can be harnessed for the heating and cooling systems of buildings, significantly enhancing their sustainability and contributing to carbon neutrality. The Estonian Maritime Museum used such an innovation for their massive early 20th-century seaplane hangars that were transformed into an exhibition gallery. The key to this transformation was the seawater heating system proposed by the Tallinn Technical University. This system ensured that the large 6,300 m2 exhibition hall was heated and cooled more sustainably than ever before.

Case Study

The Estonian Maritime Museum, a beacon of knowledge and respect for the sea, was founded in 1935 in Tallinn by former captains and sailors. Its rich history of relocation culminated in 1981, when its main exhibition found a home in the 500-year-old Fat Margaret Tower in Tallinn Old Town. In May 2012, the Maritime Museum expanded with the opening of an additional exhibition space at the Seaplane Harbour. This expansion included the refurbishment of the Seaplane Hangars, which now houses artefacts such as the Lembit submarine, constructed in 1937 by the British Vickers-Armstrongs shipyard, a Short 184 seaplane, the Maasilinn ship (the oldest sunken ship found in Estonian waters), and various other authentic items including sail ships, boats, and naval mines. 

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